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SETTLEMENTS
Smiltyne
Alksnyne
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Preila
Nida

HISTORICAL MONUMENTS IN THE NORTHERN CURONIAN SPIT
  (present Lithuania)

Nida and vicinity
  1. Valley of Death. In 1870 - 1872 there was a camp for war prisoners. This camp was a German soldiers' revenge who had been kept imprisoned in the Sahara by the French. Many French prisoners died because of difficult living conditions and illnesses. They are buried in the same place. Local people called this place the Valley of the Death.

  2. The Site of Gliding School. The Lithuanian Gliding School existed there between 1933 and 1939. Between 1939 and 1943 it had been used as a school by German military airforce.

  3. Nida Foresters' Cemetery. All foresters, who had worked in Nida from the mid 19th century until the mid 20th century, are buried there. The pioneer of dune forestation, D. G. Kuwert, rests in this cemetery too. For the memory of him and his son G. D. Kuwert, residents of Nida erected a monument there in 1856.

  4. The Old Nida Cemetery near the church is the rest place for the famous local patron H. Blode and the famous Curonian preacher K. H. Mertikaitis (1773 - 1856). In the old Nida cemetery visitors can see the very archaic wooden grave markers called krikstai. They were restored by the artist E. Jonusas.

  5. H. Blode Hotel. It was built in 1867. Many famous people lived in this hotel. The journalist, poet and ethnographer L. Passarge (1825 - 1912) was staying here in 1868. He translated to the German the poems by K.Donelaitis. The representative of the late romanticism, the composer E. Humperding stayed here in the end of the 19th century. He wrote an opera according to a fairytale by Brothers Grimm. In 1929, the writer Thomas Mann stayed in this hotel. The poet W. Heymann (1888 - 1914) liked to stay here also. In the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the hotel became the main centre for artists' colony in Nida. Many famous German painters like L. Corinth, E. Bischopp - Culm, H. Beppo - Broschke, M. Pechstein and others worked there. When the owner died, his son-in-law artist E. Mollenhauer (1892-1955) continued with traditions of the hotel. At the entrance guests saw the paintings given for presents by artists who worked there. The poem on the wall was saying: "A stranger's single look there isn't enough/ Only sand lies around/ Open your heart to the beauty/ and the magic world will be found." The hotel "Nidos Smilte" has occupied this building recently.

  6. The house of Nida's artist-photographer P. Isenfeld. In the period between World War I and World War II, P. Isenfeld published many postcards, which represented nature, landscapes and daily life of the Curonian Spit.

  7. Houses-studios by German artists C. Knauf from Pareine and T. Birtengel from Dresden (1887-1968). They were built in 1937 and 1939.

  8. The summerhouse of Nobel price laureate, writer T. Mann. The house was built by architect H. Reimann. The writer spent three summers in it (1930-1932). Today the Thomas Mann Culture Centre and the memorial exposition are located in this house.

  9. Kuwerts' House. The Kuwert family was one of the most powerful in the Northern Curonian Spit from the 18th until the mid 19th century. They owned post stations and they were famous preachers. In the 19th century, the Kuwert family from Nida started forest planting on dunes in vicinity. Thanks to them, Nida remained in the same place. The house in Nida belonged to the last descendants of this family.
 
> Historical monuments
> Memorial monuments














Monument to G.D.Kuwert in Nida


H. Blode Hotel


Preila
  1. Preila's cemetery (19th-20th century). Some original tombstones that are typical for the region are still there.


 

Juodkrante and vicinity
  1. Amber Cove. The lagoon was dug by the amber excavation company W. Stantien & M. Becker, which worked there from 1860 until 1890. There was a dredger harbour and shipyard. Huts for workers stood near by. Up to 23 dredgers worked in same time in the lagoon.

  2. Old Juodkrante cemetery. In the end of the 19th century it grew from the Stellmachers' family tomb. This family came from Tilze and helped to develop the Juodkrante resort. They owned many hotels and cottages. C. T. Stellmacher (1827-1883) with his wife J. M. Stellmacher Kolb (1830-1916) and K. Stellmacher (1862-1930) are buried on the German part of the cemetery.

  3. The location of the Griekai Linden-tree (the linden tree of sins). A very old and branched linden tree grew on this place. Many legends are told about it. One of them says that it was a place where the community judged dissolute young people. Another tells about the sacrificing for ancient gods. German soldiers cut down the tree in 1939. A new linden tree has been planted there recently.




















New Griekai linden-tree

Alksnynes apylinkės
  1. Love Valley. Huts for workers who were constructing the foredune and planting forest had stood there from the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century. There is a suggestion that some French prisoners who worked there occupied the huts after 1870. Later, women from the continent who also planted forest settled in the huts. Because of their dissolute behaviour, this place got the name Love Valley.
 

Smiltyne
  1. Kopgalis village cemetery (the 19th - beginning of the 20th century). The first Lithuanian captain L. Stulpinas (1871-1934) and governor of Klaipeda region, poet-publicist Jonas Zilius - Jonila (1870 - 1932) are buried there.
 
Į viršų

MEMORIAL MONUMENTS IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE CURONIAN SPIT

Nida

Memorial composition in the place of the main Lithuanian Gliding School. This school existed between 1933 and 1939. Between 1939 and 1943 it had been used as a school by German military airforce. The symbolic hangar arch and memorial stone was built in 1979 remind visitors about the former gliding school.












Monument to L.Rezai


Memorial to Soviet soldiers


Monument to L.Hagenui

Pervalka and Preila vicinity

Monument to L.Reza on Skirpstas Hill. Wooden sculpture faces the places of Karvaiciai village, which was buried by sand in 1790. L. M. Reza was born in this village. His poem is carved on the sculpture. Artist E. Jonusas erected monument in 1975.

Juodkrante

Monument to the professor of Karaliaucius (Kaliningrad) university, Lithuanian poet and folk-ethnologist, L. M. Reza (1779 - 1840m.). He was first to publish the famous poetry work "Metai" by K. Donelaitis and fables. Monument was erected in 1994; his author is the artist A. Sakalauskas.

Alksnyne vicinity
 
A monument to Red Army soldiers of 32nd division, 113th regiment. They died in October of 1945. Their scouts were ambushed near Alksnyne. Germans fired at the rescue group, which was coming across the lagoon. The ice broke and many soldiers drowned.
Creators of the memorial, architect P. Sademskis and sculptor J. Vertulis, used the stone, which was taken from the bed of lagoon and weighted more than 30 tons. Composition was opened in 1967.

Smiltyne vicinity

A monument to L.G.Hagen, one of the engineers, who forested the northern part of the Curonian Spit. In the end of 19th century he was the first to describe, examine and develop a method for building a protective foredune. The monument was built on the Hagen Hill, between World War I and World War II. Memorial note on the obelisk is in both German and Lithuanian languages.

Į viršų
Reference :
V.Buivydas, L.Dikšaitė, D.Elertas, V.Juška, R.Kybrancienė, A.Kvietkus, J.Mačiuvienė, J.Zarankaitė.

Photo by:
L.Dikšaitė, R.Drungilas, G.Gražulevičius, I.Kebleris, R.Kybrancienė, A.Kvietkienė, J.Mačiuvienė, J.Zarankaitė.

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